In January of 1799, just as the Maryland State Legislature
was beginning its annual assembly, the Medical & Chirurgical Faculty of
Maryland was legislated into existence. From across the state, 101 medical men
convened to establish an organization to “prevent quackery and pretenders to
the healing arts.”
From the Medical Annals of Maryland (1899):
Although the
first attempt at organization had proved abortive, it can scarcely have failed
to leave its impression. The seed had been sown which was to germinate in the
minds of the doctors for a decade, and then ripen into the splendid charter of
1799.
This Act
received the signature of the Governor and thereby became a law of the land on
the twentieth of January of the aforesaid year. It would be interesting to know
something of the details connected with its authorship and passage, to pry into
the past and see the old doctors of a hundred years ago as they conferred
together over this document of such far-reaching significance to them and their
successors, to know who were they who labored most for its adoption, and what
was said and done on the occasion.
But these like
many other events connected with those early days are hidden from us perhaps
forever and we can only picture them to ourselves in imagination.
For it is a
singular fact that in all the researches of this writer, extending back now
twenty years, he has never seen or heard of any manuscript relating to the
first meeting, and at the recent Centennial not a single letter or document was
offered making any allusion whatever to it. The writer has in his possession a
medical diary and note book of Professor Porter of the year 1799, in which it
is not once mentioned.
We know this
much however: That the charter met with opposition in its passage through the
Legislature and that for some years the members were in constant apprehension
lest that body should seize some pretext to annul it.
The charter is
entitled An Act to establish and
incorporate a Medical and Chirurgical Faculty or Society in the State of
Maryland. Its objects are stated in the preamble which reads as follows:
Whereas it appears to the General Assembly of Maryland that the establishment and incorporation of a Medical and Chirurgical Faculty or Society of Physicians and Surgeons in the said State will be attended with the most beneficial and salutary consequences by promoting and disseminating medical and chirurgical knowledge throughout the State, and may in future prevent the citizens thereof from risking their lives in the hands of ignorant practitioners or pretenders to the healing art, etc.And again in the body of the Act, Such purposes as they may judge most conducive to the promoting and disseminating medical and surgical knowledge or to alleviating the calamities and miseries of their fellow citizens, The Act further provides for the possession and disposal of property the holding of a meeting for organization the making of by-laws and the adoption of a seal.
The first meeting was appointed to be held at Annapolis on the first Monday in June 1799, and fifteen members were declared to be a quorum. The incorporators and their successors were declared to be one community corporation and body politic forever by and under the name of the Medical and Chirurgical Faculty of the State of Maryland.
The names of 101 incorporators were given representing from three to six each the nineteen counties into which the State was then divided, and the cities of Annapolis and Baltimore. These names represent not only the best elements of the Maryland profession of the period, but the highest types of physicians to be found anywhere, men trained at the schools of Leyden, Paris, London, Oxford, Edinburgh, Glasgow, Aberdeen, Dublin, Philadelphia; and pupils of Boerhaave, Hunter, Cullen, the Monros, Bell, Rush, and others whose names are enrolled high upon the scroll of fame men erudite in all the knowledge of medicine as it was then taught and understood; fine classical scholars to whom Latin was almost as familiar as their native tongue.
In the language of one of our orators, Professor Richard Wilmot Hall, at the biennial oration of 1815, “To classical erudition the most liberal and profound they united the stores of medical learning with which the ancients or moderns had enriched the science of physic or of which the schools of America and Europe could boast.”
Happy 219th Birthday to MedChi!
